African Americans and Africa: A New History (2024)

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Volume 107 Issue 2 September 2020
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African Americans and Africa: A New History

. By

Nemata Amelia Ibitayo

Blyden

. (

New Haven

:

Yale University Press

,

2019

.

xiv

,

266

pp. $28.00.)

Frederick Knight

Morehouse College

, Atlanta, Georgia

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Journal of American History, Volume 107, Issue 2, September 2020, Pages 438–439, https://doi.org/10.1093/jahist/jaaa238

Published:

01 September 2020

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On the sea islands off coastal Georgia, African Americans in the early twentieth century recalled parents, grandparents, and neighbors who survived the Atlantic crossing. Those communities, though in many ways distinct, provide a microcosm of the larger problem that Nemata Amelia Ibitayo Blyden engages in her work. Using the lens of identity theory, she argues that Africa, “real and imagined,” has been an ongoing reference point in shaping black consciousness in the United States (p. 14).

Blyden frames this study with a question posed in the 1920s by the New Negro poet Countee Cullen: “What is Africa to me?” Successive generations of African Americans have answered this question, and this book provides the broad contours of their responses. There has been no single answer or perspective, Blyden shows. Rather, the meaning of Africa to African Americans has changed over time and differed across ideological camps. While other scholars such as Michael Gomez, Robert Hill, Hollis Lynch, Brenda Gayle Plummer, Sterling Stuckey, Ula Taylor, and others have covered this terrain in parts, Blyden offers the broadest overview of this topic to date. The scope is impressive, ranging across the Atlantic Ocean and from the premodern era to the present. The author pulls together literature, pamphlets, newspaper articles, autobiographies, scholarly works, and other sources. What arises from this research is a critical intellectual history of black American perspectives on Africa.

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